• editor@ijmra.in
  • ISSN[Online] : 2643-9875  ||  ISSN[Print] : 2643-9840

Volume 07 Issue 04 April 2024

Grandparenting and the Mental Well-being of Selected Filipino Grandparents
1Fatima Angelyna J. Garcia, 2Marison Felicidad R. Dy
1,2Department of Human and Family Development Studies College of Human Ecology University of the Philippines Los Baños, Philippines
DOI : https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v7-i04-18

Google Scholar Download Pdf
ABSTRACT:

This study determined the impact of caring for grandchildren on the mental well-being of elderly grandparents. Specifically, it determined the length of grandparenting, number and ages of grandchildren living with them, influential grandparenting experiences, level of mental well-being, and impact of the grandparenting role to the mental well-being of the grandparents. Respondents were 96 Filipino senior citizens residing in Calamba City, Laguna. An interview schedule was utilized for data gathering. Results showed a weak relationship between age of grandchildren (p = 0.284; p > 0.05) and number of grandchildren (p =0.780; p > 0.05) with the level of mental well-being. The length of grandparenting (p = 0.011; p < 0.05) had a significant effect on the level of mental well-being of the grandparents. Regression analysis showed that those who became grandparents at the age of 46-55 are more likely to have mental well-being scores five times lower than those who do not belong to this age category. Grandparenting may become stressful due to the added responsibility of childcare. However, grandparenting is considered a fulfilling responsibility and gives a rewarding feeling. In totality, grandparenting positively heightens mental well-being.

KEYWORDS:

Filipino grandparents, grandparenting, grandchildren, grandparenting experiences, mental well-being

REFERENCES
1) Ageing Asia. (2020). Ageing Population in the Philippines. Retrieved from https://ageingasai.org/ageing-populationPhilippines/

2) Antonio, A. (2009). Grandparenting in the Philippines: A microstudy on strengths and needs. International Society for the Study of Behavioural Development, 2 (56): 30-33. Retrieved from https://issbd.org/resources/files/Bulletinissue2.pdf

3) Baker, L. & Silverstein, M. (2008). Depressive symptoms among grandparents raising grandchildren: The impact of participation in multiple roles. Journal of Intergenerational Relationships, 6 (3), 285-304. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2772115/

4) Black, S.V., Cooper, R., Brage, S., Kuh, D., Martin, K. & Stafford, M. (2015). Physical activity and mental well-being in a cohort aged 60-64 years. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 49 (2), 172-180. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.03.009

5) Brunello, G. & Rocco, L. (2016). Is childcare bad for the mental health of grandparents? Evidence from SHARE. Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) Discussion Paper No. 10022. Institute for the Study of Labor. Germany: IZA.

6) Bullock, K. (2004). The changing role of grandparents in rural families: The results of an exploratory study in southeastern North Carolina. Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Sciences, 85(1), 45–54. https://doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.258

7) Bullock, K. (2009). Expanding the intergenerational relationship: Grandfathers raising grandchildren. International Society for the Study of Behavioral Development Bulletin, 2 (56), 9-12. DOI: 10.1300/j045v22n03_12

8) Chen, F., Bao, L., Borja, J.B., Gultiano, S., & Shattuck. R.M. (2017). Implications of changes in family structure and composition for the psychological well-being of Filipina women in middle and later years. Research on Aging, 39(2): 275-299. doi: 10.1177/0164027515611181

9) Crimmins, E.M. (2015). Lifespan and healthspan: Past, present, and promise. Gerontologist, 55(6): 901-911. doi: 10.1093/geront/gnv130

10) City Government of Calamba. (2015). City Profile. Demographic Data. Retrieved from http://www.calambacity.gov.ph/index.php/ct-menu-item3/city-profile

11) Coleman-Reed, F. (2016). Grandparent Caregivers: Factors contributing to their Experience of Life Satisfaction. Doctoral Dissertation. University of Alabama. Retrieved from http://acumen.lib.ua.edu/

12) David, R. (2014). The Unique ‘Apostolate” of Filipino Grandparents. Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved from http://opinion.inquirer.net/77343/the-unique-apostolate-of-filipinograndparents

13) Dunifon, R., & Bajracharya, A. (2012). The role of grandparents in the lives of youth. Journal of Family Issues, 33(9), 1168-1194. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3462462/

14) Glaser, K., Evandrou, M. & Tomassini, C. (2005). The health consequences of multiple roles at older ages in the UK. Health & Social Care in the Community, 13 (5), 470-477. Retrieved from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2524.2005.00574.x

15) Grundy, E., Albala, C., Allen, E., Dangour, A., Elbourne, D. & Uauy, R. (2012). Grandparenting and psychosocial health among older Chileans: A longitudinal analysis. Journal of Aging & Mental Health, 16 (8), 1047-1057. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3431550/

16) Hayslip, B. & Kaminski, P. L. (2005). Grandparents raising their grandchildren: A review of the literature and suggestions for practice. The Gerontologist, 45(2), 262-269. https://academic.oup.com/gerontologist/ article/45/2/262/815984

17) Hitchcott, P., Fastame, M., Ferrai, J. & Penna, M. (2017). Psychological well-being in Italian families: An exploratory approach to the study of mental health across the adult life span in the Blue Zone. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, 13 (3), 448-449. Retrieved from https://ejop.psychopen.eu/article/view/1416/html#r20

18) Hughes, M., Waite, L., La Pierre, T. & Luo, Y. (2008). All in the family: the impact of caring for grandchildren on grandparents’ health. Journals of Gerontology Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 62 (2), 108-119. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2562755/

19) Kim, H., Kang, H & Johnson-Motoyama, M. (2015). The psychological well-being of grandparents who provide supplementary childcare: A systematic review. Journal of Family Studies, 23(1), 118-141. Retrieved from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13229400.2016.1194306

20) King, V. & Elder, G. (1998). Perceived self-efficacy and grandparenting. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences 53B, (5), 249-257. Retrieved from https://watermark.silverchair.com

21) Ku, L.J., Stearns, S.C., Dilworth-Anderson, P., Lee, S.Y., Konrad, T.R. & Van Houtven, C.H. (2013). Impact of caring for grandchildren on the health of grandparents in Taiwan. The Journal of Gerontology, Series B- Psychological Sci and Social Sciences. 68(6):1009-21. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbt090

22) Lehti, H., Erola, J. & Tanskanen, A. (2019). Tying the extended family knot- Grandparents’ influence on educational achievement. European Sociological Review, 35 (2), 29-48. https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcy044

23) Leopold, T. & Skopek, J. (2015). The demography of grandparenthood: An international profile. Social Forces, 94(2) 801–832. doi: 10.1093/sf/sov066

24) Lukaschek, K., Vanajan, A., Johar, H., Ladwig, K.H. & Weiland, N. (2017). In the mood for ageing: determinants of subjective well-being in older men and women of the population-based KORA-Age study. BMC Geriatrics, 17 (1), 126. DOI: 10.1186/s12877-017-0513-5

25) Lusterio-Berja, C. (2007). The emergence of multigenerational households:
the role of early union. Doctoral Dissertation. University of the Philippines.
Retrieved from http://lynchlibrary.pssc.org
.ph:8081/bitstream/handle/0/3891/08_The%20Emergence%20of%20Multigenerational%2 0Households_%20The%20Roles%20of%20Early%20Union.pdf?sequence=1

26) Morrow-Howell, N., Hinterlong, J., Rozario, P. & Tang, F. (2003). Effects of volunteering on the well-being of older adults. The Journal of Gerontology, 58 (3), 137-145. Retrieved from https://academic.oup.com/psychsocgerontology/article/58/3/S137/583366

27) Ochiltree, G. (2006). The changing role of grandparents. Australian Government. Australian Institute of Family Studies. Retrieved from https://aifs.gov.au/cfca/publications/changing-role-grandparents

28) Park, E. (2018). For grandparents’ sake: the relationship between grandparenting involvement and psychological wellbeing. Ageing International, 43, 1-24. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12126-017-9320-8

29) Saxena, D. & Brotherson, S. (2013). When Grandparents Become Parents to their Grandchildren. North Dakota State University Extension Service. Retrieved from https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/publications/home-farm/whengrandparentsbecome-parents-to-their-grandchildren

30) Schulz, R. (2016). Family Caregiving Roles and Impacts. Washington, DC. National Academies Press. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm. nih.gov/books/NBK396398/

31) Smith, P.K., Bouna, L., Quadrello, T., Sciplino, C. & Svensson-Dianellou, A. (2009). Grandparenting and InterGenerational Relationships. UK: Goldsmiths, University of London.

32) Statham, J. (2011). Grandparents Providing Child Care. Retrieved from https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/ government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/181364/CWRC-00083-2011.pdf

33) Stelle, C., Fruhauf, C., Landry-Meyer, L. & Orel, N. (2010). Grandparenting in the 21st century: Issues of diversity in grandparent-grandchild relationships. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 53(8), 682-701. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3677574/

34) Tang, F., Xu, L., Chi, I. & Dong, X. (2016). Psychological well-being of grandparents villcaring for grandchildren among older Chinese Americans: Burden or blessing?. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 64(11), 2356-2361. doi: 10.1111/jgs.14455

35) Villar, F., Celdrán, M. & Triadó, C. (2012). Grandmothers offering
regular auxiliary care for their grandchildren: An expression of
generativity in later life? Journal of Women & Aging,
24 (4), 292-312. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/11677112/Grandmothers_Offering_Regular_
Auxiliary_Care_for_Their_Grandchildren_An _Expression_
of_Generativity_in_Later_Life

36) Warwick Medical School. (2015). Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMBS). Retrieved from https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/med/research/platform/wemwbs/

37) Weichold, K. (2009). Introduction to Inter-Generational Relationships: Grandparenting, 2 (56), 1. Retrieved from https://issbd.org/resources/files/Bulletin-issue2.pdf

38) Wellard, S. (2012). Older people as grandparents: how public policy needs to broaden its view of older people and the role they play within families. Quality in Ageing and Older Adults, 13 (4), 257-263. doi.org/10.1108/14717791211286922

39) Won, S. (2009). The Closeness between Grandparents and Grandchildren and Its Impact on Grandparents. Unpublished Dissertation. Ohio State University. Retrieved from https://etd.ohiolink.edu/rws_etd/document/get/osu 1259099975/inline

40) World Health Organization. (2016). Mental Health and Older Adults. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs381/en/

41) World Population Ageing. (2015). World Population Ageing 2015 Report. Retrieved on from http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/ageig /WPA2015_Report.pdf

42) Wright, M. & Brown, S. (2016). Psychological well-being among older adults: The role of partnership status. Journal of Marriage and Family, 79(3), 833 – 849. Retrieved from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jomf.12375

43) Yeo, G. & Gallegher-Thompson, D. (1996). Ethnicity and Dementias: Working with Families of Dementia Patients. Stanford. California: Routledge.
Volume 07 Issue 04 April 2024

There is an Open Access article, distributed under the term of the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits remixing, adapting and building upon the work for non-commercial use, provided the original work is properly cited.


Our Services and Policies

Authors should prepare their manuscripts according to the instructions given in the authors' guidelines. Manuscripts which do not conform to the format and style of the Journal may be returned to the authors for revision or rejected.

The Journal reserves the right to make any further formal changes and language corrections necessary in a manuscript accepted for publication so that it conforms to the formatting requirements of the Journal.

International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Analysis will publish 12 monthly online issues per year,IJMRA publishes articles as soon as the final copy-edited version is approved. IJMRA publishes articles and review papers of all subjects area.

Open access is a mechanism by which research outputs are distributed online, Hybrid open access journals, contain a mixture of open access articles and closed access articles.

International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Analysis initiate a call for research paper for Volume 07 Issue 05 (May 2024).

PUBLICATION DATES:
1) Last Date of Submission : 26 May 2024 .
2) Article published within a week.
3) Submit Article : editor@ijmra.in or Online

Why with us

International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Analysis is better then other journals because:-
1 : IJMRA only accepts original and high quality research and technical papers.
2 : Paper will publish immediately in current issue after registration.
3 : Authors can download their full papers at any time with digital certificate.

The Editors reserve the right to reject papers without sending them out for review.

Authors should prepare their manuscripts according to the instructions given in the authors' guidelines. Manuscripts which do not conform to the format and style of the Journal may be returned to the authors for revision or rejected. The Journal reserves the right to make any further formal changes and language corrections necessary in a manuscript accepted for publication so that it conforms to the formatting requirements of the Journal.

Indexed In
Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar