• editor@ijmra.in
  • ISSN[Online] : 2643-9875  ||  ISSN[Print] : 2643-9840

Volume 06 Issue 12 December 2023

Advocates of the Future: Challenges and Opportunities of Robot Lawyer in Indonesia
Septa Chandra
Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v6-i12-76

Google Scholar Download Pdf
ABSTRACT:

The digital age has brought significant changes in various sectors, including the legal field. The emergence of robot lawyers, or artificial intelligence (AI) in legal practice, offers unprecedented efficiency and accuracy. This study explores the potential impact of robot lawyers in the context of Indonesia's Advocates Law, considering legal, ethical, and practical aspects. This research applies the normative legal method, which combines statutory, conceptual, comparative, and futuristic approaches. The characteristics of this research are descriptive-prescriptive, where the data collected is analyzed using the content analysis method. This research shows that robot lawyers have the potential to improve access to legal services, reduce costs, and offer more consistent and unbiased solutions. However, challenges such as data security, legal liability, and ethical concerns related to replacing human labor with AI also arise. Further analysis shows that Indonesia's current Advocate Law is not fully prepared for the era of robot lawyers. This research recommends updating the policy and legal framework to effectively integrate AI in legal practice while maintaining the integrity of the profession and protecting the public interest. We also highlight the importance of adaptive legal education and training to prepare legal practitioners for technological change.

KEYWORDS:

Robot Lawyer, Artificial Intelligence, Indonesia Advocate Law, Legal Technology Innovation, AI Ethics in Legal Practice

REFERENCES
1) DoNotPay, “DoNotPay - The World’s First Robot Lawyer,” https://donotpay.com/, 2023. https://donotpay.com/ (diakses Jun 05, 2023).

2) Z. Xu, Y. Zhao, dan Z. Deng, “The Possibilities and Limits of AI in Chinese Judicial Judgment,” AI Soc., vol. 37, no. 4, hal. 1601–1611, Des 2022, doi: 10.1007/S00146-021-01250-9/METRICS.

3) Z. J. Fernando, K. Kristanto, A. W. Anditya, S. Y. Hartati, dan A. Baskara, “Robot Lawyer in Indonesian Criminal Justice System: Problems and Challenges for Future Law Enforcement,” Lex Sci. Law Rev., vol. 7, no. 2, hal. 1–24, Nov 2023, doi: 10.15294/LESREV.V7I2.69423.

4) Zico Junius Fernando et al, “The Freedom of Expression in Indonesia,” Cogent Soc. Sci., vol. 8, no. 1, hal. 1–11, 2022, doi: 10.1080/23311886.2022.2103944.

5) Zico Junius Fernando et al, “Revenge Porn: Digital Crimes and Implications for Victims,” Kosmik Huk., vol. 23, no. 2, hal. 157–171, 2023, doi: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v23i2.18542.

6) Agusalim et al, “Green Victimology: Sebuah Konsep Perlindungan Korban dan Penegakan Hukum Lingkungan di Indonesia,” Bina Huk. Lingkung., vol. 7, no. 1, hal. 60–79, Okt 2022, doi: 10.24970/BHL.V7I1.302.

7) Herlambang et al, “Kejahatan Memperkaya Diri Sendiri Secara Melawan Hukum (Illicit Enrichment) Dan Aparatur Sipil Negara: Sebuah Kajian Kritis,” RechtsVinding, vol. 11, no. 2, hal. 247–264, 2022, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.33331/rechtsvinding.v11i2.

8) Zico Junius Fernando et al, “Preventing Bribery in the Private Sector Through Legal Reform Based on Pancasila,” Cogent Soc. Sci., vol. 8, no. 1, hal. 1–14, 2022, doi: 10.1080/23311886.2022.2138906.

9) N. Xu dan K. J. Wang, “Adopting Robot Lawyer? The Extending Artificial Intelligence Robot Lawyer Technology Acceptance Model for Legal Industry by an Exploratory Study,” J. Manag. Organ., vol. 27, no. 5, hal. 867–885, Sep 2021, doi: 10.1017/JMO.2018.81.

10) N. Xu, K.-J. Wang, dan C.-Y. Lin, “Technology Acceptance Model for Lawyer Robots with AI: A Quantitative Survey,” Int. J. Soc. Robot., vol. 14, no. 4, hal. 1043–1055, 2022, doi: 10.1007/s12369-021-00850-1.

11) N. V. Deltsova, “Artificial Intelligence Technologies in the Field of Legal Services: Relevant Aspects,” Lect. Notes Networks Syst., vol. 133, hal. 389–396, 2021, doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-47458-4_47/COVER.

12) R. Sil, A. Roy, B. Bhushan, dan A. K. Mazumdar, “Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning based Legal Application: The State-of-the-Art and Future Research Trends,” in 2019 International Conference on Computing, Communication, and Intelligent Systems (ICCCIS), 2019, hal. 57–62, doi: 10.1109/ICCCIS48478.2019.8974479.

13) G. Greenleaf, A. Mowbray, dan P. Chung, “Legal Information Institutes and AI: Free Access Legal Expertise,” Front. Artif. Intell. Appl., vol. 317, hal. 199–211, Jul 2019, doi: 10.3233/FAIA190022.

14) J. Soukupová, “Ai-Based Legal Technology: a Critical Assessment of the Current Use of Artificial Intelligence in Legal Practice,” Masaryk Univ. J. Law Technol., vol. 15, no. 2, hal. 279–300, 2021, doi: 10.5817/MUJLT2021-2-6.

15) Tara Prasad Sapkota, Shila Kunwar, Mahima Bhattarai, dan Shreya Poudel, “Artificial Intelligence That Are Beneficial for Law,” US-China Law Rev., vol. 17, no. 5, hal. 217–223, 2020, doi: 10.17265/1548-6605/2020.05.004.

16) G. Buchholtz, “Artificial Intelligence and Legal Tech: Challenges to the Rule of Law,” Regul. Artif. Intell., hal. 175–198, Jan 2019, doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-32361-5_8/COVER.

17) J. Kiršienė, D. Amilevičius, dan D. Stankevičiūtė, “Digital Transformation of Legal Services and Access to Justice: Challenges and Possibilities,” Balt. J. Law Polit., vol. 15, no. 1, hal. 141–172, Okt 2022, doi: 10.2478/BJLP-2022-0007.

18) I. Golbin, A. S. Rao, A. Hadjarian, dan D. Krittman, “Responsible AI: A Primer for the Legal Community,” in 2020 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data), 2020, hal. 2121–2126, doi: 10.1109/BigData50022.2020.9377738.

19) I. K. Nti, S. Boateng, J. A. Quarcoo, dan P. Nimbe, “Artificial Intelligence Application in Law: A Scientometric Review,” Artif. Intell. Appl., no. May, hal. 1–13, 2023, doi: 10.47852/bonviewaia3202729.

20) B. Alarie, A. Niblett, dan A. Yoon, “How Artificial Intelligence Will Affect the Practice of Law,” SSRN Electron. J., hal. 1–15, Nov 2017, doi: 10.2139/SSRN.3066816.

21) F. P. Kalalo dan K. C. Pontoh, “The Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Legal Framework for International Arbitration Practices in Indonesia BT - Proceedings of the Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution International Conference (ADRIC 2019),” 2020, hal. 6–10, doi: 10.2991/assehr.k.200917.002.

22) A. E. Davis, “The Future of Law Firms (and Lawyers) in the Age of Artificial Intelligence,” Rev. Direito GV, vol. 16, no. 1, hal. 1–4, 2020, doi: 10.1590/2317-6172201945.

23) W. Gravett, “Is the Dawn of the Robot Lawyer Upon Us? The Fourth Industrial Revolution and the Future of Lawyers,” Potchefstroom Electron. Law J., vol. 23, no. 23, hal. 1–37, 2020, doi: 10.17159/1727-3781/2020/V23I0A6794.
Volume 06 Issue 12 December 2023

There is an Open Access article, distributed under the term of the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits remixing, adapting and building upon the work for non-commercial use, provided the original work is properly cited.


Our Services and Policies

Authors should prepare their manuscripts according to the instructions given in the authors' guidelines. Manuscripts which do not conform to the format and style of the Journal may be returned to the authors for revision or rejected.

The Journal reserves the right to make any further formal changes and language corrections necessary in a manuscript accepted for publication so that it conforms to the formatting requirements of the Journal.

International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Analysis will publish 12 monthly online issues per year,IJMRA publishes articles as soon as the final copy-edited version is approved. IJMRA publishes articles and review papers of all subjects area.

Open access is a mechanism by which research outputs are distributed online, Hybrid open access journals, contain a mixture of open access articles and closed access articles.

International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Analysis initiate a call for research paper for Volume 07 Issue 05 (May 2024).

PUBLICATION DATES:
1) Last Date of Submission : 26 May 2024 .
2) Article published within a week.
3) Submit Article : editor@ijmra.in or Online

Why with us

International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Analysis is better then other journals because:-
1 : IJMRA only accepts original and high quality research and technical papers.
2 : Paper will publish immediately in current issue after registration.
3 : Authors can download their full papers at any time with digital certificate.

The Editors reserve the right to reject papers without sending them out for review.

Authors should prepare their manuscripts according to the instructions given in the authors' guidelines. Manuscripts which do not conform to the format and style of the Journal may be returned to the authors for revision or rejected. The Journal reserves the right to make any further formal changes and language corrections necessary in a manuscript accepted for publication so that it conforms to the formatting requirements of the Journal.

Indexed In
Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar