¹I.T.Peni ²B.K.Adeogun

¹Sokoto Energy Research Center, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto.

²Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.

Reservoir sedimentation has been a global bottle neck in maintaining the design storage capacity of reservoirs. Reservoir sedimentation leads to the reduction of the original capacity which affects irrigation, hydropower, flood control, drinking water supply and recreational activities. Introduction of mechanized farming without due regard to the nature of the environment is aggravating the erosion and sediment problem. This study has discussed and analyzed the most important parameters (bulk density, sediment volume, sediment mass, trap efficiency, sediment yield etc) for 31 years (1984 -2015) using Empirical Method and Goronyo Dam Stage Capacity Curve. The Mean bulk density (dBD) was gotten as 0.97gcm3, Sediment Volume (SV) as 26,179,302m3 , Sediment Mass (SM) as 25,393,922.94 tones, average annual sedimentation as 819,158.81ty-1 , Trap Efficiency (TE) as 90.2%, Sediment Yield (SY) as 908,158.00 ty-1, Specific Sediment Yield (SSY) as 42.35𝑡𝑘𝑚−2𝑦−1, The loss of storage (26,179,302m3)

Stage Capacity Curve, Sediment Volume, Trap Efficiency, Sediment Mass, Sediment Yield

1) Abwubi, A., Amegashie ,B.K., Agyare, W.A., Tamene, L., Odai, S.N., Quansah, C. and Vlek P. (2009).Assessing sediment inputs to small reservoirs in Upper East Region Ghana Lakes and Reservoirs: Research and Management, 14 (4): 279-287.

2) Adediji, A. (2005). Reservoir Sedimentation: The case Opa Reservoir attachment, south western Nigeria. South African Geographical journal, 87 (2): 123-128.

3) Campos, R.(2001). Three-dimensional reservoir sedimentation model (PhD Thesis). Department of civil engineering, University of Newcastle, Newcastle-upon Tyne, U.K. Retrieved from http://tede.ibict.br/tde arquivos on 09/10/2020.

4) De Villiers, J.W.L.(2006). 2 D modeling of turbulent transport of cohesive sediments in shallow reservoirs (M.Sc Dissertation).Department of civil Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa. Retrieved from http:// scholar .sun.ac.za on10/10/2020.

5) Desta, L.T. (2005). Reservoir siltation in Ethiopia: Causes, source areas and management options. In: Vlek, P.L.G. (ed.)..Ecology and Development Series NO.30, University of Bonn, CurvillierVerlag, Gottingen. Retrieved from http://www.zef.de/fileadmin/webfiles/downloads on 26/09/2020.

6) Haregeweyn, N., Melesse, B., Tsunekawa, A., Tsubo, M., Meshesha, D., B.B. (2012).Reservoir sedimentation and its mitigation strategies: A case study of Angereb reservoir (NW Ethiopian). Journal of Soils and Sediments, 12. 291-305.

7) Haregeweyn, N., poesen, J., De Wit, J., Haile, M., Govers, G. and Deckers, S. (2006). Reservoirs in Tigray (Northern Ethiopia): Characteristics and Sediment deposition problems. Land degradation and Development, 17. 211-230.

8) Haregeweyn, N., Poesen, J., Nyssen, J., Govers, G., Verstraeten, G., De Vente, J., Deckers, J., Moeyersons, J. and Haile, M. (2008). Sediment yield in Tigray-Northern Ethiopia. A quantitative analysis of its controlling factors. Catena, 75. 65-67.

9) Hassanzadeh, Y. (1995). The removal of reservoir sediment. Water international, 20(3): 151-154.

10) Hoven, L.E.(2010). Three-dimension numerical modeling of sediments in water reservoirs (M.Sc Dissertation) .Norwegian University of science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway. Retrieved from http://ntnu.diva-portal.org on 05/10/2020.

11) Impresit Bakolori Nigeria Limited (IBNL) (1979). Goronyo dam project .Second phase of the Sokoto Rima River Basin Development Authority Final report, Engineering B, vol.2 - Hydrology. Sokoto, Nigeria, Impresit Bakolori Nigeria Limited, 1979.

12) Ji, U. (2006). Numerical model for sediment flushing at the Nakdong River Estuary barrage (PhD Thesis).Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, U.S.A. Retrieved from http://www.engr.colostate.edu on 04/10/2020.

13) Kim, H.S. (2006). Soil erosion modeling using RUSLE and GIS on TheImha watershed, South Korea (M.Sc Dissertation).Colorado state University, Fort Collins, Colorado, U.S.A. Retrieved from http://www.engr.colostate.edu on 10/10/2020.

14) Letsie, M. (2005).Utilization of Maqalika reservoir as a source of potable water for Maseru city on Lesotho (M.Sc Dissertation).Durban institute of Technology, South Africa. Retrieved from http: //ir.dut.ac.za on 08/10/2020.

15) Licher, S.S. (2003). History of sedimentation and contamination in valley Mill Reservoir, Springfield, Missouri (M.Sc Dissertation).South west Missouri State University, U.S.A. Retrieved from http://oewri.missouristate.edu on 28/10/2020.

16) Mohammed, A. (2014).An Examination of the Volume and Rate of Sedimentation at the Goronyo Reservoir (Unpublished M.Sc Dissertation).Department of Geography, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria.

17) Morris, G.L., Annandale, G. and Hotchkiss, R. (2008).Reservoir sedimentation. In: Garcia, M.H. (ed.). Sedimentation Engineering: Processes, management, modeling, and practice (Manual and Report on Engineering Practice NO.110).Virginia: American Society of Civil Engineers. 67-99p.

18) Msadala, V.P. (2009). Sedimentation yield prediction based on analytical methods and mathematical modeling (M.Sc Dissertation). University of Stellenbosch, South Africa. Retrieved from http;//scolar.sun.ac.az on 19/10/2020.

19) Nigerian Environmental Study/Action Team NESAT (1991).A National Profile. Nigeria’s Threatened Environment.Ibadan: Intec. Printers Limited. 85p.

20) Revel, N.M.T.K., Ranasiri, L.P.G.R., Rathnayake, R.M.C.R.K. and Pathirana, K.P.P. (2013). Estimation of Sediment Trap Efficiency in Reservoirs- An Experimental Study. European International Journal of Science and Technology, 2(10):134 – 135

21) Rupasingha, R.A.P. (2002). Use of GIS and RS for assessing lake sedimentation processes: Case study for Naivasha Lake Kenya (M.Sc. Dissertation). International Institute for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, the Netherlands. Retrieved from ftp://ftp.itc.nl/pub/naivasha/ITC on 29/09/2020.

22) Saenyi, W.W. (2002).Sedimentation management in Masinga Reservoir, Kenya (PhD Thesis).University of Agricultural Science (BOKU), Vienna, Austria. Retrieved from: //iwhw.boku.ac.at /dissertation on 20/10/2020.

23) Shaozu, H., Xiaoping, Y. and Devi, W. (2003). Soil Erosion. In Xiaoqing, Y. (Ed.).Manual on Sediment Management and Measurement (Operational Hydrology Report No. 47). Geneva, Switzerland: World Meteorological Organization.

24) Sokoto Rima River Basin and Rural Development Authority (SRRBRDA) (1991). Annual Report 1991.

25) Verstraeten, G. and Poesen, G. (2000).Estimating trap efficiency of small Reservoirs and ponds: Methods and implications for the assessment of sediment yield. Progress in Physical Geography, 25(2):219-251.

Volume 05 Issue 03 March 2022