Barack Lujia Bao

Faculty Fellow and Researcher, Xianda College of Economics and Humanities of Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China

Both Doctrine of Marxism and Doctrine of Mohism had been exerting in-depth influences over nature and scope of individuality and collective being, the significance of labour and humanism, ethical and social status and collective, communal human development, which may be far more philosophically and ideationally and even institutionally indispensable in the contemporary international society of imbalanced uncoordinated, and unsustainable world system of remaining capitalistic production network and the comparative predominance of one singular superpower over the alternatives in relative terms. Both of these philosophical doctrines highlight neither narrow mindset nor self-centered preference over the interests of one dominant, privileged groups against those of the underprivileged and underdeveloped but rather, comparatively speaking, universal, communal fraternity and courage in the exchange of mutual benefit and production amongst the dispossessed groups and rejection of a kind of unfair governance mechanism and institution--provided that a set of criteria on international, inter-civilisational human development should be principally prioritised, for both of these philosophical schools fairly represent and serve the core interests of the underprivileged and the dispossessed in their corresponding, respective eras and their doctrines may have contradicted with the comparable interests of the privileged, powerful and aristocratic elite communities, who tend to launch profound vitriolic criticisms upon the exaggerated falsifiability, invalidity and non-sustainability of School of Marxism and School of Mohism. This analytical research essay manages to attach much considerable significance to the questions of whether both Doctrine of Marxism and Doctrine of Mohism can play considerable supplementary roles in constructivistically and creatively recapitulating, reconceptualising, reformulating and reconstructing the ready-made neoliberal international governance mechanisms, unconventional international affairs and transnational conundrums that the mainstream international-relations theory alone chiefly designed by the US academic communities may not be capable of effectively addressing in the contemporary planet of volatility, unpredictability, complexity and ambiguity. With the theoretical framework of School of Marxism and School of Mohism, this research analytical essay methodologically seeks to capitalise on certain representative case studies of the Belt and Road Initiative, Global Development Initiative and of the perception of a Global Community of Shared Future and Destiny for the Humankind, associated with much analysis of the updated IMF report evaluating and forecasting the up-and-down global economic circumstances, in an international reality where differentiated interests of development are interwoven, for the purpose of dialectically and comparatively gauging, evaluating and extrapolating a considerable number of inheritable, identifiable and ideational theoretical merits and constructively deconstructing and decomposing ideational deficiencies concerning School of Marxism and School of Mohism and hopefully institutionalising a more representative, collective, normative and civilisational global governance mechanism to address international development issues and international security issues that are confronting almost all state entities and non-state entities in avoidance of comeuppance and apocalypse in one way or another. Incidentally, not merely do these two philosophical teachings facilitate philosophers, social theorists, political economists, international relations connoisseurs and research analysts to undertake maximum rational and empirical observation of a complicated world system in a Newtonian sense as it literally is and and has been, but more significantly they probably aggrandise the normative, progressive philosophical notion of systematically and institutionally reshaping an international arena on a normative basis of non-proliferation of predominant interests of major industrialised state powers and territorial expansion of monopolistic, oligarchic corporations and the alike.

Doctrine of Marxism, Doctrine of Mohism, international relations, international development, inter-civilisational studies, social science

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VOLUME 06 ISSUE 01 JANUARY 2023

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