¹Gaston Cindy,²Bunag Lou Allesandra,³Dimaan Limuel,⁴Pelaguio Clarence Ann

¹Lyceum of the Philippines University, Manila, Philippines

^2,3,4Wesleyan University-Philippines, Nueva Ecija, Philippines

The COVID-19 pandemic affects different business sectors and the tourism industry has no exception from this. As the world is still affected by the pandemic, tourism management graduates’ employment is affected as the tourism industry lay off employees every now and then. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of COVID-19 to the employment of BS tourism management graduates. With the use of a random selection of samples, the researchers gathered data from 50 BS tourism management graduates of the academic year 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 examined in the descriptive-correlational study. The findings indicate what factors mostly affect the employment of graduate students during the time of the pandemic. On the other hand, the pandemic does not limit the capabilities of these graduates and is not a reason for companies to close their doors for these graduates’ despite of the left-and-right unemployment. The pandemic has caused great uncertainty on their employment as they worry about their job security. The pandemic affects the monthly wages of the employees in the tourism sector as it caused to an income loss, and it led to financial instability for employees. Moreover, strengthening one’s mental health is one of the keyways for the students to continue seeking jobs and to work. The socio-demographic profile of the respondents has no significant relationship to the impacts of Covid-19 pandemic.

COVID-19 pandemic, tourism management graduates, employment, capabilities, job security, employees’ wages

1) A. Cabrera, M. Divinagracia, G. Longa, K. Rogacion, E. Abalos, N. Chan. (2020, July). Impact of COVID-19 on the Philippine Tourism industry. Google. Retrieved from https://www.pwc.com/ph/en/publications/tourism-pwc-philippines/tourismcovid-19.html

2) A. Divya. (July 01, 2020) Hospitality Sector Gears up for a New Post-Lockdown Normal. Google scholar. Retrieved https://indianexpress.com/article/business/hospitality-sector-gears-up-for-a-new-post-lockdown-normal-6482394/

3) Krishna Mohan Agarwal, Swati Mohapatra, Prairit Sharma, Shreya Sharma, Dinesh Bhatia, Animesh Mishra, Study and overview of the novel corona virus disease (COVID-19), Sensors International, Volume 1, 2020, 100037, ISSN 2666-3511, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sintl.2020.100037.(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666351120300371)

4) Anestis Fotiadisa, Stathis Polyzos, Tzung-Cheng T.C. Huan, (2020). The good, the bad and the ugly on COVID-19 tourism recovery, Annals of Tourism Research, Volume 87, 2021, 103117, Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.103117.(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016073832030261 9)

5) Aquino, J. A., Banal, J. T., Pablo, F. B., David, J. D., & Sarmiento, P. (2021). From leisure to isolation: a call to explore hotel sectors' role during COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of public health (Oxford, England), 43(3), e553–e554. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdab172

6) Barroso, A., & Sechopoulos, S. (2021, May 14). College graduates in the year of COVID-19 experienced a drop in employment, labor force participation. Pew Research Center. Retrieved from https://www.pewresearch.org/facttank/2021/05/14/college-graduates-in-the-year-of-covid-19-experienced-a-drop-in-employment-labor-forceparticipation/

7) Butcher, J. (2020). The war on tourism. Spiked Online. Retrieved May 5, 2020, from https://www.spikedonline.com/2020/05/04/the-war-on-tourism/ [Google Scholar]

8) C. Michael Hall, Daniel Scott & Stefan Gössling (2020) Pandemics, transformations and tourism: be careful what you wish for, Tourism Geographies, 22:3, 577-598, DOI: 10.1080/14616688.2020.1759131

9) Cennimo DJ, Bergman SJ, Olsen KM. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Medscape, in infectious diseases under drugs & diseases.2020. Retrieved from: https://emedicine. medscape.com/article/2500114-overview

10) Dash, N. R., Guraya, S. Y., Al Bataineh, M. T., Abdalla, M. E., Yusoff, M. S. B., Al-Qahtani, M. F., et al. (2020). Preferred teaching styles preferred by medical professors: an international multicenter study. BMC Med. Educ. 20:480. doi: 10.1186/s12909-020-02358-0

11) Divya A. 2020. Hospitality Sector Gears up for a New Post-Lockdown Normal.https://indianexpress.com/article/business/hospitality-sector-gears-up-for-a-new-post-lockdown-normal6482394/ [Google Scholar]

12) Ethridge, D. E. (2004, May 31). Research Methodology in Applied Economics, 2nd Edition. Wiley.Com. https://www.wiley.com/en-us/Research+Methodology+in+Applied+Economics%2C+2nd+Edition-p-9780813829944

13) Fana, M., Tolan, S., Torrejón Pérez, S., Urzi Brancati, M. C., & Fernández-Macías, E. (2020). The COVID confinement measures and EU labour markets. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.

14) Gamage, K, Wijesuriya, D, Ekanayake, S, et al. (2020) Online delivery of teaching and laboratory practices: continuity of

15) university programmes during COVID-19 Pandemic. Education Sciences 10(10): 291.Google Scholar. Retrieved from https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7102/10/10/291 15. Hall, C. M. (2008). Tourism planning: Policies, processes and relationships (2nd ed.). Prentice-Hall. [Google Scholar]

16) Hanson, Melanie. “College Enrollment & Student Demographic Statistics” EducationData.org, November 22, 2021, https://educationdata.org/college-enrollment-statistics

17) Higgins-Desbiolles, Freya. (2020). The “war over tourism”: challenges to sustainable tourism in the tourism academy after COVID-19. Journal of Sustainable Tourism. 29. 1-19. 10.1080/09669582.2020.1803334, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343509010_The_war_over_tourism_challenges_to_sustainable_tourism_in _the_tourism_academy_after_COVID-19

18) Huang, Z., & Saxena, S. (2021, March). Building forward better: enhancing resilience of asia and pacific economies in a post-covid-19 world. Google Scholar. Retrieved from https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/692456/adbiwp1239.pdf

19) IATA. (2020, June 9). Industry Losses to Top $84 Billion in 2020. Airlines Magazine. https://www.iata.org/en/pressroom/pr/2020-06-09-01/

20) J.F.C.-G. (2021). Work-Life balance crafting during COVID-19: Exploring strategies of telecommuting employees in the Philippines. Taylor Francis Online. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13668803.2021.1956880

21) Jordan, A. H., College, D., & Zitek, E. M. (2012). Marital status bias in perceptions of employees. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 34, 474 – 481.



22) Korir, J. (2012). Factors that influence career choice of hospitality students in Moi University, Kenya. Google Scholar. https://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/JEP/article/view/3426

23) Lena, H., Mareike, B., Stefan, M., and Armin, S. (2020). Problems and pitfalls of retrospective survey questions in COVID19 studies. Surv. Res. Methods 14, 109–114. Google Scholar

24) Manzoor, F., Wei, L., Asif, M., Haq, M.Z., & Rehman, H.U. (2019). The Contribution of Sustainable Tourism to Economic Growth and Employment in Pakistan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-Contribution-of-Sustainable-Tourism-to-Economic-ManzoorWei/11ddb509a9f0da0a2a925e718de30259822987f4

25) Masigan, Andrew J. (2019). Numbers Don’t Lie. Retrieved from: https://www.bworldonline.com/trends–in–the–food– industry/

26) Mehrabian, Bahadori, & Babaei. (2013). Prioritization of Factors Influencing Job Motivation in Employees of a Military

27) Center Using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). ResearchGate. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287713285_Prioritization_factors_influencing_job_motivation_in_employe es_of_a_military_center_using_Analysis_Hierarchy_Process_AHP Pouliakas, K., & Branka, J. (2020). EU jobs at highest risk of COVID-19 social distancing: is the pandemic exacerbating the labour market divide? Cedefop—Working Paper Series.

28) Provasnik, S.J., & Planty, M.G. (2008). Community Colleges: Special Supplement to The Condition of Education 2008.

29) Statistical Analysis Report. NCES 2008-033. National Center for Education Statistics.

30) R. Blokker, J. Akkermans, M. Tims, P. Jansen, S. Khapova (2019) Building a sustainable start: The role of career competencies, career success, and career shocks in young professionals' employability. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 112 (2019), pp. 172-184, 10.1016/j.jvb.2019.02.013

31) Reinders, H. J., Schoenmaker, D., & Van Dijk, M. A. (2020). Is COVID-19 a Threat to Financial Stability in Europe? CEPR Discussion Paper No. DP14922. https://ssrn.com/abstract=3638026. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3633932

32) Renwick, P. A., & Tosi, H. (1978). The effects of sex, marital status, and educational background on selection decisions. Academy of Management Journal, 21, 93–103. doi:10.2307/255665 Seeram, E. (2019, November 1). An Overview of Correlational Research. Google Scholar. http://www.radiologictechnology.org/content/91/2/176.extract

33) Song, Haiyan & Li, Gang. (2008). Tourism demand modelling and forecasting - A review of Recent research. Tourism Management. 29. 203-220. 10.1016/j.tourman.2007.07.016.

34) S. Zenker, F. Kock (2020) The coronavirus pandemic—A critical discussion of a tourism research agenda Tourism Management, 81 (2020), p. 104164, from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0261517720300881

35) S. Baert, L. Lippens, E. Moens, P. Sterkens, J. Weytjens, (2020, April 1). How Do We Think the COVID-19 Crisis Will Affect Our Careers (If Any Remain)? Google Scholar. Retrieved from https://ftp.iza.org/dp13164.pdf

36) S. X. Zhang, Y. Wang, A.A. Jahanshahi, J. Li, V.G.H. Schmitt Early evidence and predictors of mental distress of adults one month in the COVID-19 epidemic in Brazil J. Psychosom Res., 142 (2021), Article 110366. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924977X21016357#bib0188

37) T. Pacheco, S. Coulombe, C. Khalil, S. Meunier, M. Doucerain, É. Auger, E. Cox. (2020, December 8). Job security and the promotion of workers’ wellbeing in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic: A study with Canadian workers one to two weeks after the initiation of social distancing measures. Google Scholar. Retrieved from https://internationaljournalofwellbeing.org/index.php/ijow/article/view/1321

38) T. Quintana, T. HaiNguyen, Y.Cabrera, J. Díaz. (2021, April 1). Do job insecurity, anxiety and depression caused by the COVID-19 pandemic influence hotel employees’ self-rated task performance? The moderating role of employee resilience. Google Scholar. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278431921000116

Volume 05 Issue 11 November 2022

There is an Open Access article, distributed under the term of the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits remixing, adapting and building upon the work for non-commercial use, provided the original work is properly cited.