¹Ammar Younas,²Yulduz Akhtamovna Akhtamova

¹PhD(Candidate), School of Humanities, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

²Tashkent state university of law

The increasing ‘datafication of society’1 and ubiquitous computing resulted in high privacy risks such as commercial exploitation of personal data, discrimination, identity theft and profiling (automated processing of personal data). 2 Especially, minor data subjects are more likely to be victims of unfair commercial practices due to their behavioral characteristics (emotional volatility and impulsiveness) and unawareness of consequences of their virtual activities.3 Accordingly, it has been claimed that thousands of mobile apps utilized by children collected their data and used it for tracking their location, processed it for the development of child profiles so as to tailor behavioral advertising targeted at them and shared it with third parties without children’s or parent’s knowledge.4 Following these concerns, recently adopted EU General Data Protection Regulation (679/2016) departed from its Data Protection Directive (DPD) in terms of children’s data protection by explicitly recognizing that minors need more protection than adults5 and providing specific provisions aimed at protecting children’s right to data protection.6 Unlike the GDPR, the DPD was designed to provide “equal” protection for all data subjects irrespective of their age.7 This paper argues that consent principle along with the requirement of parental consent cannot effectively be implemented for the protection of children’s data due to the lack of actual choice, verification issues and complexity of data processing, and also the outcome of the privacy notices in a child-appropriate form is limited. However, there are other mechanisms and restrictions embodied in the GDPR, which provide opportunities for the protection of children’s data by placing burden on data controllers rather than data subjects.

1) Dana Volosevici, ‘Child Protection Under GDPR’ (2019) 6 (22) Jus et Civitas : Journal of Social and Legal Studies pp.17

2) Ingrida Milkaite and Eva Lievens, ‘Children’s Rights to Privacy and Data Protection Around the World: Challenges in the Digital Realm’ (2019) 10 (1) European Journal of Law and Technology

3) Jennifer Valentino-Devries and others, ‘How Game Apps That Captivate Kids Have Been Collecting Their Data’ New York Times (12 September 2008) < https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/09/12/technology/kids-apps-data-privacy google-twitter.html > accessed 25 February 2020

4) The European Parliament and the Council Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation) [2016] OJ L 119/1, Recital 38

5) The European Parliament and the Council Directive 95/46/EC of 24 October 1995 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data [1995] OJ L 281/31

6) Article 29 Working Party, Guidelines on Consent under Regulation 2016/679 (28 November 2017) pp.12

7) 29 Working Party, Guidelines on Transparency under Regulation 2016/679 ( 11 April 2018) pp.12

8) Milda Macenaite ‘From universal toward child-specific protection of the right to privacy online: Dilemmas in the EU General Data Protection Regulation’ (2017) 19 (5) New Media & Society pp.771 accessed 25 February 2020

9) Milda Macenaite and Eleni Kosta ‘Consent for processing children’s personal data in the EU: following in US footsteps?’ (2017) 26 (2) Information & Communication Law pp.151 accessed 27 February 2020

10) Turdialiev, M. A., & Komilov, B. (2020). The Legal Issues Of International Investment Activity In Uzbekistan: Critical Analysis And Legal Solutions. The American Journal of Political Science Law and Criminology, 2(12), 16-21.

11) Akramov, A., Mirzaraimov, B., Akhtamova, Y., & Turdaliyev, M. A. (2020). Prospects For The Development Of Trust Management In Uzbekistan. Psychology and Education Journal, 57(8), 530-535.

12) Narziev, O. (2021). The Perspectives Of The Establishment Of International Financial Centers In Uzbekistan And The Implementation Of English Law. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT), 12(4), 1104-1108.

13) ТУРДИАЛИЕВ, Муҳаммад Али. "ЭРКИН ИҚТИСОДИЙ ЗОНАЛАР ДОИРАСИДА ИНГЛИЗ ҲУҚУҚИНИ ЖОРИЙ ЭТИШНИНГ ХОРИЖ ВА МИЛЛИЙ ТАЖРИБАСИ." ЮРИСТ АХБОРОТНОМАСИ 1.6 (2020): 151-158.

14) Akhtamova, Y., 2016. Protection of International Investments. Analysis of Certain Clauses in International Agreements. Uzbekistan Case Study. Analysis of Certain Clauses in International Agreements. Uzbekistan Case Study (March 25, 2016).

15) Yulduz Akhtamova , Аkramov Akmal and Bakhodir Mirzaraimov, and. "Foreign experience related to the legislation and practice of trust management of property in business activities." Збірник наукових праць ΛΌГOΣ (2020): 12-14.

16) Yulduz, Akhtamova. "BALANCING INVESTMENT PROTECTION AND STATE’S REGULATORY SPACE IN THE LIGHT OF INVESTMENT TREATY REGIME ABSTRACT." Review of law sciences 1.Спецвыпуск (2020).

17) Akramov, Akmal, Bakhodir Mirzaraimov, Yulduz Akhtamova, and Mukhammad Ali Turdaliyev. "Prospects For The Development Of Trust Management In Uzbekistan." Psychology and Education Journal 57, no. 8 (2020): 530-535.

18) Yulduz Akhtamova “EU Freedom Of Establishment And The Theories Of Incorporation In The Context Of Free Movement Of MNEs” The American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations 2 (12) 2020: 303-312

19) Akramov, Akmal, et al. "Prospects For The Development Of Trust Management In Uzbekistan." Psychology and Education Journal 57.8 (2020): 530-535.

20) Аkramov, Akmal, Bakhodir Mirzaraimov, and Yulduz Akhtamova. "Foreign experience related to the legislation and practice of trust management of property in business activities." Збірник наукових праць ΛΌГOΣ (2020): 12-14.

21) Mirzaraimov B., 2020. Effective Measures Of Preventing Due Process Paranoia In International Arbitration. The American Journal of Political Science Law and Criminology, 2(11), pp.72-80.

22) Simone van der Hof and Eva Lievens ‘The importance of privacy by design and data protection impact assessments in strengthening protection of children’s personal data under the GDPR’ (2018) 23 (1) Communications Law pp.3

23) Ingrida Milkaite & Eva Lievens ‘Child-friendly transparency of data processing in the EU: from legal requirements to platform policies’ (2020) 14 (1) Journal of Children and Media accessed 28 February

VOLUME 04 ISSUE 08 AUGUST 2021